Area:
50362 square kilometers (Punjab occupies 1.54 % of the country’s total geographical area.)

Location:
Punjab is situated in the northwest of India, it is bordered by Pakistan on the west, the Indian states of Jammu and Kashmir on the north, Himachal Pradesh on its northeast and Haryana and Rajasthan to its south.

Capital:
Chandigarh
population: 642,000

Population:
23.51 million (P) for the year 1999
Rural: 16.56 million (70.45 )% 
Urban: 6.95 million (29.55 )% 

Languages:
Punjabi and Hindi.
Many people are fluent in English and Urdu

Currency:
Rupee (100 paise equals one rupee)

State Animal:
Black Buck - Locally called kala hiran, the Black Buck is a graceful antelope is blessed with a striking colour and spiraled horns. The fawn’s coat is yellowish but it becomes turns black at maturity. It is found in the plains and avoid forests and hilly tracks. Mostly found in herds of 20-30, large herds may number several hundreds. With a keen eyesight and speed, it responds to alarm call by leaps and bounds.

State Bird:
Baz (Eastern Goshawk)

State Tree:
Shisham

Geography:
Find Punjab on the globe at 29’30’’ N to 32’32’’ N latitude and 73’55 E to 76’50 E longitude,

Climate:
Climatically the state has three major seasons.  

	Hot weather ( April to June)  when temperature rises as high as 110 F.
	Rainy season ( July to September ) .  Average rainfall annual ranges between 96 cms sub-mountain region and 58 cms in the plains.
	Cold weather ( October to March ).  Temperature goes down as low as 40F.

Major Land Features:
Most of Punjab is a fertile plain; toward the southeast one finds semi-arid and desert landscape; a belt of undulating hills extends along the northeast at the foot of the Himalayas. Four rivers, the Ravi, Beas, Satluj and Ghaggar flow across the state in a southwesterly direction. They have numerous small and seasonal tributaries. In addition, Punjab is watered by an extensive canal system.